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Manager System
Lock reference · Draft
v0.1.0

Enable Decisions and Escalation

Move consequential operating questions to timely, evidence-based decisions through explicit authority, participation, escalation, fallback, communication, and review.

Adopt · export.mdAdopt · export.jsonDraft reference — not a fitted standard

Profile

Purpose

Prevent ambiguity, repeated discussion, authority bottlenecks, silent workarounds, and late surprises from becoming the company’s decision system.

Intended outcome

A clear authorized decision—or an explicit evidence request, delegation, escalation, deferral, or no-decision state—with ownership, timing, conditions, communication, and learning.

Accountable
Decision owner
Operator
Decision-process owner
Use when
  • — A decision exceeds routine team-cadence handling.
  • — Authority is unclear, unavailable, conflicted, or distributed across functions.
  • — A dependency, capacity tradeoff, exception, risk, or change requires timely resolution.
  • — Work is blocked or proceeding through unrecorded assumptions.

Entry gate

  • The decision question, trigger, urgency, affected work, current owner or authority gap, and requested outcome are stated.
  • Immediate containment and emergency routes have been invoked where required.
  • Relevant evidence, options, constraints, and participants can be identified.

Exit gate

  • The decision state, authority, evidence, rationale, dissent, conditions, fallback, and effective time are recorded.
  • Affected owners receive and acknowledge required implementation or change instructions.
  • Outcome and guardrail review occurs or has an assigned trigger and owner.

Flow · 7 controlled steps

  1. 01

    Frame the decision question

    Turn a concern or stalled conversation into a bounded decision.

    • — State what must be decided, why now, intended outcome, affected work and people, deadline, reversibility, and cost of delay.
    • — Separate facts, interpretations, assumptions, preferences, and unknowns.
    • — Identify current action, interim control, and consequence if no decision arrives.
    • — Split compound questions or route matters that belong to governed specialist processes.
    Responsible
    Decision-process owner
    Output
    Decision Brief
    Decision
    Is there a sufficiently clear and legitimate decision to make?
  2. 02

    Resolve authority and participation

    Place the decision with the lowest capable authorized owner and the right contributors.

    • — Map decide, recommend, consult, execute, and inform roles and identify conflicts or unavailable authority.
    • — Confirm technical, fiduciary, budget, safety, quality, people, legal, regulatory, and policy boundaries.
    • — Choose the smallest participant set that covers material expertise and affected interfaces.
    • — Set response time, escalation level, delegation, proxy, and fallback authority.
    Responsible
    Decision-process owner
    Output
    Decision Authority Record
    Decision
    Who has sufficient authority, competence, proximity, and accountability to decide?
  3. 03

    Assemble sufficient decision evidence

    Reduce consequential uncertainty without turning analysis into indefinite delay.

    • — Define decision criteria, constraints, guardrails, evidence sources, confidence, and the value of additional information.
    • — Gather current operational, customer, technical, financial, workforce, risk, quality, safety, and dependency evidence proportionate to consequence.
    • — Make assumptions, data limitations, conflicting evidence, and qualified dissent visible.
    • — Time-box analysis and identify what can be learned after a reversible decision.
    Responsible
    Decision-process owner and subject-matter owners
    Output
    Decision Evidence Record
    Decision
    Is the evidence sufficient for this decision’s consequence and reversibility?
  4. 04

    Form options and consequences

    Make real alternatives and their system effects comparable.

    • — Develop continue, stop, defer, stage, test, redesign, contain, delegate, resource, or other feasible options.
    • — Include a no-change or no-decision consequence and reasonable fallback.
    • — Assess intended effect, cost, timing, dependencies, reversibility, implementation, affected processes, and guardrails.
    • — Seek disconfirming evidence and surface tradeoffs rather than presenting one recommendation as the option set.
    Responsible
    Proposer or recommendation owner
    Output
    Decision Options Record
  5. 05

    Decide and record

    Convert evidence and authority into an explicit state.

    • — Review the question, criteria, evidence, uncertainty, options, recommendation, dissent, authority, and time constraint.
    • — Choose an outcome and state rationale, assumptions, conditions, limits, effective time, implementation owner, fallback, and review trigger.
    • — Record evidence requests, deferrals, delegations, and no-decision outcomes with the same clarity as approvals.
    • — Do not claim consensus where material disagreement remains.
    Responsible
    Decision owner
    Output
    Authorized Decision Record
    Decision
    Which authorized state best serves the outcome within constraints and acceptable risk?
  6. 06

    Communicate and hand off implementation

    Make the decision real across affected work and connected processes.

    • — Communicate what was decided, why, what changes, what does not, when it applies, and where questions go.
    • — Transfer actions, resources, constraints, conditions, and evidence to implementation and connected owners.
    • — Update authoritative plans, workflows, priorities, risks, controls, and records and retire superseded assumptions.
    • — Obtain acknowledgement from material receiving owners and escalate rejected or impossible handoffs.
    Responsible
    Decision-process owner
    Output
    Decision Implementation Handoff · Connection Notices · Updated Operating State
    Decision
    Can receiving owners implement the exact decision under its conditions?
  7. 07

    Review outcome and improve decision flow

    Test the decision and the mechanism rather than merely closing the record.

    • — Review intended outcome, implementation, assumptions, side effects, affected people, guardrails, new evidence, and changed conditions.
    • — Distinguish decision quality from outcome luck and implementation quality.
    • — Choose continue, adapt, reverse, replace, or escalate and update authoritative state.
    • — Review recurring delays, escalations, overrides, authority gaps, evidence defects, and handoff failures for system improvement.
    Responsible
    Decision owner
    Output
    Decision Outcome Review · Decision-System Improvement Record
    Decision
    What does outcome evidence justify now?

Connections

upstream

Run the Team Operating Cadence

Supplies a decision-ready issue, current state, evidence, options, constraints, urgency, affected owners, attempted resolution, and requested outcome.

Trigger · A material decision requires focused work or authority beyond ordinary cadence.

Carries · Team Decision Record · Escalation Handoff

upstream

Manage Team Capacity and Priorities

Supplies a capacity tradeoff beyond manager authority with demand, capacity, options, displaced work, consequences, timing, fallback, and requested decision.

Trigger · A required tradeoff exceeds authority or crosses an escalation threshold.

Carries · Capacity Decision Brief · Capacity and Priority Options · Escalation Handoff

upstream

Establish the Manager Operating Role

Supplies recurring decision rights, interfaces, specialist boundaries, escalation, response owners, controls, and manager authority.

Trigger · The decision is framed and authority is resolved.

Carries · Manager Operating Charter · Manager Decision and Interface Map

downstream

Run the Team Operating Cadence

Returns the authorized state, implementation commitments, changes, conditions, and review trigger for current team operation.

Trigger · The decision affects team work or cadence.

Carries · Authorized Decision Record · Updated Operating State

downstream

Review Manager-System Health

Supplies decision flow, authority, escalation, override, implementation, outcome, exception, dissent, and guardrail evidence.

Trigger · The manager-system review point or material pattern occurs.

Carries · Decision Outcome Review · Decision-System Improvement Record

Seams · 11 hops within 2 steps

Upstream and downstream neighbourhood over public reference processes only. Each hop shows the trigger, carried objects, and what the receiving process loses if the producing step is skipped.

downstream · hop 1

Open process

Review Manager-System Health

Trigger · The manager-system review point or material pattern occurs.

Carries · Decision Outcome Review · Decision-System Improvement Record

If Review outcome and improve decision flow is skipped, Review Manager-System Health loses Decision Outcome Review · Decision-System Improvement Record.

upstream · hop 1

Open process

Establish the Manager Operating Role

Trigger · The decision is framed and authority is resolved.

Carries · Manager Operating Charter · Manager Decision and Interface Map

If Define decisions, interfaces, and escalation; Approve and launch the operating charter is skipped, Enable Decisions and Escalation loses Manager Operating Charter · Manager Decision and Interface Map.

upstream · hop 1

Open process

Manage Team Capacity and Priorities

Trigger · A required tradeoff exceeds authority or crosses an escalation threshold.

Carries · Capacity Decision Brief · Capacity and Priority Options · Escalation Handoff

If Frame the decision horizon; Prioritize work and form feasible options is skipped, Enable Decisions and Escalation loses Capacity Decision Brief · Capacity and Priority Options · Escalation Handoff.

upstream · hop 1

Open process

Run the Team Operating Cadence

Trigger · A material decision requires focused work or authority beyond ordinary cadence.

Carries · Team Decision Record · Escalation Handoff

If Make decisions and escalate constraints is skipped, Enable Decisions and Escalation loses Team Decision Record · Escalation Handoff.

downstream · hop 2

Open process

Align Role Outcomes and Expectations

Trigger · The manager charter is approved or changed.

Carries · Manager Operating Charter

If Approve and launch the operating charter is skipped, Align Role Outcomes and Expectations loses Manager Operating Charter.

downstream · hop 2

Open process

Approve Workforce Need and Headcount

Trigger · Evidence indicates a durable gap requiring a workforce response decision.

Carries · Capacity and Priority Review · Workforce Handoff

If Review outcomes and improve capacity design is skipped, Approve Workforce Need and Headcount loses Capacity and Priority Review · Workforce Handoff.

downstream · hop 2

Open process

Build and Operate a Development Plan

Trigger · Development is an approved response to a capability finding.

Carries · Development Handoff

If the handoff from Review Manager-System Health is skipped, Build and Operate a Development Plan loses Development Handoff.

downstream · hop 2

Open process

Redesign Work and Workflow

Trigger · Capacity review identifies work or process design as a material cause.

Carries · Capacity and Priority Review · Improvement Handoff

If Review outcomes and improve capacity design is skipped, Redesign Work and Workflow loses Capacity and Priority Review · Improvement Handoff.

downstream · hop 2

Open process

Run Manager Check-ins and Feedback

Trigger · A matter requires an individual operating conversation.

Carries · Relevant Team Operating State extract

If the handoff from Run the Team Operating Cadence is skipped, Run Manager Check-ins and Feedback loses Relevant Team Operating State extract.

upstream · hop 2

Open process

Define Role and Success Profile

Trigger · The manager operating role is chartered.

Carries · Role Success Profile

If the handoff from Define Role and Success Profile is skipped, Establish the Manager Operating Role loses Role Success Profile.

upstream · hop 2

Open process

Maintain Job and Career Architecture

Trigger · A manager role is created or materially changed.

Carries · Approved Job and Career Architecture · Role Mapping Record

If Approve and publish the architecture is skipped, Establish the Manager Operating Role loses Approved Job and Career Architecture · Role Mapping Record.

Roles

Decision owner

Owns sufficient evidence, tradeoffs, exact decision, conditions, risk, fallback, and outcome review.

Decision-process owner

Frames the question, resolves workflow and authority, coordinates evidence, maintains records, communication, handoffs, and measures.

Proposer or recommendation owner

Defines the need, assembles options, states recommendation and uncertainty, and supports implementation.

Subject-matter or connected-process owner

Provides qualified evidence, constraints, dissent, dependencies, and specialist routing.

Implementation owner

Accepts the exact decision, plans and executes change, raises infeasibility, and supplies outcome evidence.

Systems + Data

Data object

Decision Brief

Defines the bounded question and why a decision is needed.

System of record · Decision or process repository

Data object

Decision Authority Record

Maps the decision to authority, participants, escalation, response, and fallback.

System of record · Decision-rights repository

Data object

Authorized Decision Record

Provides the authoritative decision state and implementation contract.

System of record · Decision-management system

Data object

Decision Outcome Review

Connects implementation and outcomes to adaptation and decision-system learning.

System of record · Decision or improvement repository

Decision-rights and governance repository

Required

Provides authority, delegation, specialist boundaries, escalation, proxy, and history.

Decision workflow and record

Required

Controls questions, evidence, options, decisions, conditions, handoffs, review, and versions.

Operating evidence and collaboration

Required

Supports proportionate analysis, qualified participation, dissent, and current source data.

Implementation, connection, and outcome tracking

Required

Updates affected systems and returns implementation and outcome evidence.

Measures

outcome

Decision operating effect

Does the decision produce its intended outcome within accepted conditions and guardrails?

Structured comparison of intended outcome, implementation, assumptions, side effects, context, and guardrails; not outcome alone as proof of decision quality.

At the assigned review trigger

quality

Decision control completeness

Does each material decision contain question, authority, evidence, options, state, rationale, dissent, implementation, fallback, and review?

Material decisions satisfying required fields divided by all completed material decisions.

At decision closure

cycle-time

Decision response and flow time

How long do decision-ready questions wait for an explicit state?

Elapsed time from accepted brief to authorized state, separated by authority, evidence, participation, and owner waits.

Weekly or monthly

adoption

Controlled decision-method use

Are material decisions using the governed question, authority, evidence, record, handoff, and review mechanism?

Applicable material decisions linked to the active method divided by all applicable material decisions.

Monthly or quarterly

exceptions

Decision-system exception pattern

Where do questions, authority, evidence, response, escalation, handoff, implementation, or review fail?

Exceptions by decision type, level, interface, severity, cause, age, and disposition.

Quarterly

guardrail

Voice, expertise, safety, quality, ethics, privacy, and retaliation guardrail

Does the mechanism suppress dissent, bypass expertise, delay protected escalation, expose restricted data, or punish good-faith challenge?

Context-specific qualified review of participation, dissent, escalation, overrides, access, outcomes, and participant feedback; not a causal or legal conclusion.

At every formal review and material signal

Evidence + judgment

Structured Organizational Decision-Making

cross-source-synthesis

Supports clear decisions, criteria, evidence, alternatives, authority, rationale, implementation, and review.

bicycle-guide · decision-making · hr-practice-and-talent.artifact.json

Escalation Management

cross-source-synthesis

Supports thresholds, urgency, containment, context, requested decision, response ownership, fallback, communication, and closure.

bicycle-guide · escalation-management · hr-practice-and-talent.artifact.json

Decision Rights and Accountability

cross-source-synthesis

Supports decide, recommend, consult, execute, inform, escalation, and accountable ownership.

bicycle-guide · decision-rights · hr-practice-and-talent.artifact.json

Effective Delegation

cross-source-synthesis

Supports matching authority to competence, proximity, outcomes, constraints, resources, support, and review.

bicycle-guide · delegation · talent-management.artifact.json

Evidence-Based Management

cross-source-synthesis

Supports integrating scientific, organizational, experiential, stakeholder, and contextual evidence while making limitations explicit.

bicycle-guide · evidence-based-management · hr-practice-and-talent.artifact.json

The Universal Measurement Approach (AIE)

source-derived

Supports decision-centered measurement, explicit uncertainty, consequence, information value, and proportionate additional evidence.

bicycle-guide · tool-the-universal-measurement-approach-aie · build-a-people-analytics-function.artifact.json

Decision Analysis and Options

cross-source-synthesis

Supports comparable alternatives, criteria, uncertainty, consequences, reversibility, dependencies, and sensitivity.

bicycle-guide · decision-analysis · hr-practice-and-talent.artifact.json

Five-Step Systems Thinking for People Analytics

source-derived

Supports mapping interrelations, causes, context, consequences, and intervention options.

bicycle-guide · build-a-people-analytics-function · five-step-systems-thinking-for-people-analytics

Decision and Change Communication

cross-source-synthesis

Supports audience, rationale, implications, timing, channels, questions, owner acknowledgement, and feedback.

bicycle-guide · change-communication · hr-practice-and-talent.artifact.json

Decision Quality and Outcome Review

cross-source-synthesis

Supports separating process quality from outcome luck, reviewing assumptions, implementation, effects, and adapting decisions.

bicycle-guide · decision-quality · hr-practice-and-talent.artifact.json

Lock question-before-advocacy principle

lock-judgment

Lock judgment: define the decision and its no-decision consequence before arguments for a preferred answer.

lock · lock-method

Lock authority-near-work principle

lock-judgment

Lock judgment: locate authority as near the work as competence, risk, interfaces, and governance responsibly allow.

lock · what-lock-is

Lock enough-evidence-to-act principle

lock-judgment

Lock judgment: evidence effort is proportional to consequence, uncertainty, reversibility, urgency, and the value of additional information.

lock · lock-method

Lock options-expose-tradeoffs principle

lock-judgment

Lock judgment: viable alternatives make system effects and tradeoffs visible rather than decorating one recommendation.

lock · lock-method

Lock no-ambiguous-decision principle

lock-judgment

Lock judgment: approval, rejection, delegation, evidence request, deferral, and no change are explicit states with ownership.

lock · lock-method

Lock decision-is-not-email principle

lock-judgment

Lock judgment: a decision becomes real when authoritative work, systems, commitments, and receiving owners change.

lock · what-lock-is

Lock decision feedback loop

lock-judgment

Lock judgment: implementation and outcome evidence can continue, adapt, reverse, replace, or improve the decision mechanism.

lock · lock-method

Draft reference standard. Requires client context and qualified technical, fiduciary, finance, employment, labor, accessibility, safety, quality, privacy, security, conduct, legal, regulatory, and jurisdiction-specific review before deployment.